This article studies the violence in the spreading of Islam by conquest and the factors that influenced the development of Islam in Central, East, West and Southeastern Africa.Although the spreading of Islam in these territories had not been done by Islamic conquests, as perpetrated in North Africa and other regions of the Islamic world, the majori

The current study presents a novel examination of heat transfer properties in a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of Casson fluid across a porous stretching sheet, uniquely incorporating the effects of heat source and variable viscosity.Unlike previous studies, this research employs the Lie similarity transformation to convert the governing equations

Harvesting and pulping process of coffee cherry in the same day is inaccesible.Storage of coffee cherry before pulping was carried out incorrectly.Some storage treatments before pulping of Arabica coffee cherry had been examined at Safety Vests Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute using Arabica coffee cherries from Andungsari Experimental

Abstract Perovskite photovoltaics have been shown to recover, or heal, Cropped Ribbed Tank after radiation damage.Here, we deconvolve the effects of radiation based on different energy loss mechanisms from incident protons which induce defects or can promote efficiency recovery.We design a dual dose experiment first exposing devices to low-energy p